When did the countries start issuing travel and tourist visas?

Pat Richmond: When did the countries start issuing travel and tourist visas?
I am trying to find out more about the history of visas (mostly travel and tourist visas), but I am having no luck.

I want to know:
-Which was the first country to start requiring and issuing visas and when?
-When did most countries start this practice?
-The citizens of which country can travel to the biggest number countries without a visa and the citizens of which country can travel to the smallest number of countries without a visa?
Anyone?

Answers and Views:

Answer by Steven Lyons
On 15 August 1888, the Glasgow passport office became the first to issue passports.
European citizens can travel within Europe without a visa.