How to explain law of segregation and law of independent assortment?

euphoric(k): Good way to explain law of segregation and law of independent assortment? What is an example of each?
I’m kinda confused as to what they mean.. The teacher said law of segregatin is “alleles sperate”
And law of independent assortment is “each set of alles segregates independent of other alleles”

Ok so how could you use examples to explain these laws? Cuz I don’t really get it still

thanks

Answers and Views:

Answer by Asst Prof
Assume a diploid cell with two alleles for the flower color gene, R and r. Since haploid gametes only contain 1 of each homologous pair of chromosomes, R will end up in one gamete, and r will end up in another gamete. This is segregation.

Assume a diploid with two alleles for the flower color, R and r; there are also 2 alleles for the height gene, T and t. When gametes are formed, R ends up in one gamete, and r ends up in another gamete. The same is true of the T and t alleles. Which gametes get the T and t alleles has nothing to do with which gametes get the R and r alleles. This is independent assortment; the separation of one set of alleles has nothing to do with the separation of any other. (of course, this assumes that there is no linkage between the two sets of alleles).

Answer by dukesoverrated
Ok so the law of segregation is focusing on ONE single gene. It says that when the parent passes a gene onto an offspring, it RANDOMLY gives it one of 2 allele copies.

Example: Lets assume in pigs that were looking at a single gene for coat color. The allele P gives a pink coat and the allele p gives a brown coat (just making this up, no validity intended.) Then, the probability of passing on P is the same as passing on p, because they separate independently of one another and then rejoin during fertilization.

Independent assortment refers to ALL genes. It says that what you inherit for one gene is independent (doesn’t affect) what you inherit for another gene.

Example: In pigs, lets say P represents coat color and E represents eye color. Then, regardless of what the pig inherits for its coat color, it has the same chance of inheriting an allele for its eye color. The genes assort independently of one another.

If youre still confused, feel free to ask specific questions and I will attempt to address them.